Cell Invasion / Extravasation
Since the ECIS system should easily detect this alteration in the endothelial cell layer, we have explored an assay to monitor these changes to look for correlations of impedance changes with the metastatic potential of cancer cells.
Our studies were done in collaboration with researchers in Dr. Donald Coffey's group at Johns Hopkins Brady Urological Institute in Baltimore, MD. Workers there had previously established a series of cancer cell sublines. These all originated from a culture established from a single rat prostatic tumor, that, upon extensive tissue culture passages and mutagenesis, resulted in several sublines that exhibited a wide range of metastatic potential. When injected subcutaneously into rats, some of these sublines formed tumors only at the site of injection (G subline). Others would form distant metastases approximately 10 to 20% of the time (AT1, ST3 sublines); whereas, others would formed distant metastases at several locations over 90% of the time (AT3, MLL sublines). The basic plan of our experiments was to first establish a confluent layer of endothelial cells and then follow impedance changes as the layer was exposed to different rat prostatic sublines.



ECIS Measurements of Metastatic Potential
Related ECIS Publications
Dynamics of human cancer cell lines monitored by electrical and acoustic fluctuation analysis. M Tarantola, AK Marel, E Sunnick, H Adam, J Wegener, and A Janshoff. Integr Biol (Camb). 2010; 2: 139.
ALCAM, Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule, Influences the Aggressive Nature of Breast Cancer Cells, a Potential Connection to Bone Metastasis. SIMON DAVIES and WEN G. JIANG. Anticancer Res. 2010; 30:1163-1168.
Chen, J., Ye, L., Zhang, L., Jiang, W.G., “Placenta Growth Factor, PLGF, Influences the Motility of Lung Cancer Cells, the Role of Rho Associated Kinase, Rock.” J of Cellular Biochemistry: 105:313-320 (2008).
Saxena, N.K., Sharma, D., Ding, X. Lin, S., Marra, F., Merline, D. Anania, F., “Concomitant Activation of the JAK/STAT, P13K/AKT and ERK Signaling is Involved in Leptin-Mediated Promotion of Invasion and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.” Cancer Research: 2497-2507 (2007).
Ren, J., Xiao, Y., Singh, L.S., Zhao, X., Zhao, Z., Feng, L., Rose, T.M., Prestwich, G.D., Xu, Y., “Lysophosphatidic Acid Is Constitutively Produced by Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells and Enhances Adhesion, Migration, and Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Cells.” [PDF] Cancer Res 2006; 66: (6) (2006).
Wang, H.S., Hung, Y., Peng, S.T., Guo, Y.J., Lai, M.C., Liu, C.Y., Hsu, J.W., “CD44 Cross-linking induces integrin-mediated adhesion and transendothelial migration in breast cancer cell line by up-regulation of LFA-1 (æLß2) and VLA-4 (æ4ß1).” Experimental Cell Research 304: 116-126 (2005).
Sawhney RS, Sharma B, Humphrey LE, Brattain MG. “Integrin alpha2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase are functionally linked in highly malignant autocrine transforming growth factor-alpha-driven colon cancer cells.” J Biol Chem. 278(22):19861-9 (2003).
Sriram, P.S., Mohammed, K.A., Nasreen, N., Hardwick, J., Van Horn, R., Sanders, K., Antony, V.B. “Adherence of ovarian cancer cells induces pleural mesothelial cell (PMC) permeability.” Oncol Res. 13(2):79-85 (2002).